Muscle Coordination and Biomechanical Comparison of Concentric Jump Pull-up and Countermovement Jump Pull-up Performance in Rock Climbing

Rock climbing is known to be a demanding upper limb sport effort. The pull-up (PU) is an essential training tool and dyno projection techniques are important from a biomechanical point of view. The aim of this study was to compare muscle coordination between two jump PU types : concentric jump pull-up (CPU) and countermovement jump pull-up (CMPU).

17 elites climbers, equiped with Qualysis Markers set, performed 4 CPU and 4 CMPU. EMG were collected on biceps brachii (BB), brachioradialis (BR), triceps brachii (TB), pectoralis minor (PMi), pectoralis major (PMa), middle deltoid (MD), lower trapezius (LT), and latissimus dorsi (LD). P1, P2 and P3 periods correspond to the start, middle and end of upward phase.

A higher jump height was seen in CMPU condition (p = 0.035, R² = 0.94). A greater average EMG activity (% RMS peak) (a) and EMG peak (% RMS peak) (p = 0.0067) for BB (a. P1, p < 0.0001 ; P2, p = 0.0014), BR (a. P1, p < 0.0001 ; P2, p = 0.0011 ; P3, p = 0.0048) and TB (a. P1, p < 0.0001 ; P2, p = 0.0003 ; P3, p < 0.0001) in CMPU condition. No significant BB and TB EMG peak time (% upward phase time) were found between the two conditions. Significant average activity and EMG peak time differences between periods in each condition were brought to light.

These finding suggest that CMPU jump height would be due to specific muscle coordination, including a higher average and peak EMG activity and an earlier EMG start (% upward phase time) and peak time, linked with accumulation of muscle stimulation.

Auteur : Sophie OUDAR

Formation : M1 STAPS

Année de création : 2023

Design méthodologique : Étude expérimentale ⓘ

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